This article summarizes the main trends in the news business and journalism in Brazil based on data gathered and interviews.

1.The persistent domination of over-the-air television in terms of perceived importance，audience size and advertising expenditures（Meta Pesquisa de Opinião 2011，p.15，p.22）.Data show that 94.2% of the population regularly watches over-the-air television and 69.6% tunes in to radio.

Table 1 documents trends in advertising expenditures during the last decade.^[1]Television received 63.3% of total media advertising in 2011，estimated to be R$ 31.2 billion（US$ 18.35 billion）.^[2] The percentage of television advertising has increased during the past decade.Another important trend is the decreasing percentage of advertising expenditures received by newspapers（from roughly 22% to 12% between 2011 and 2012）.

Table 1 Advertising expenditures by media in percentage of the total，by year

TV has kept its audience around 60% since 2000 and this media has a high level of credibility.In 2000，Datafolha Institute published a survey interviewing people from São Paulo，the biggest Brazilian city，and for 75%^[3]of people the Open TV had great，good or regular quality.According to recent study about media consumption habits （Meta Pesquisa de Opinião 2011），television is the most trusted source of news for 66.3% and the most important source of news for 64.4% of people interviewed.It also finds that 92.1% use television news to get information about government.

The Globo network，which regularly attracts 50% of the audience，maintains its leading position in Brazilian television（de Lima 2001；Porto 2010）.A remarkable development is the growing audience of Jornal da Record，the television network linked to the Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus（the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God）.

2.Television remains the most regularly used medium（Meta Pesquisa de Opinião，2011，p.96）.Less than half of the population（42.7%）said they have the habit of reading print newspapers.Use of television，radio and other media platforms is higher than readership of print newspapers as indicated in Table 2 below.

Table 2 Percentage of households with access to various media^*

Despite lower use than other media，print newspapers remains the main producers of original news and information.Interviewers agree that newspaper content typically sets the news agenda for other media.With significantly smaller staff than newspapers，web-based news platforms produced little original content（Duarte 2011；Noblat 2011；Malin 2011）.Some television news shows are credited with producing original content，too，whcih is regularly picked up by newspapers and magazines.Given the vast popularity of Globo News across various socio-economic groups，its content is typically echoed by other publications（Kamel，2011）.

There are significant variations in newspaper readership among regions in Brazil.While 52.2% of the population in the South declared to read regularly newspapers，29.6% in the Northeast said they do so.This regional difference also is present in reading researches.A study of 2007，developed with 5，012 interviewed figure out that while the Southern read 5.5 books per year，the people from North read just 3.9 books in a year（Retratos da Leitura no Brasil，2008，p.114）.One of the main challenges for print journalism is to reach under-25 year old audiences given the fact that only a minority regularly reads newspapers（Duarte 2011；Meta Pesquisa de Opinião 2011）.

In contrast to what has happened in several Western countries，there has been an increase in newspaper sales.According to data produced by the Instituto Verificador de Circulação（Sales Monitoring Institute）^[4]，the institution that audits newspapers and magazines，a 10% circulation growth of low-price newspapers（R$ 0.99 or $0.52）accounts for the overall increase.Sales of so-called“popular”newspapers have increased with the expansion of the“class C”in past years.^[5]“Class C”refers to the people whose monthly income is R$ 1.276（US$ 750），and is defined as the“emergent middle class”which makes 49% of the population（almost 93 million people）.Between 2005 and 2009，30 million people reached that socio-economic position^[6].For Professor Venício Artur de Lima（2011），increase in newspapers readership is directly linked to the growing literacy and economic power of specific classes in the Brazilian population.

3.Increase in newspaper sales.

Newsstand sales grew 4.6%，and subscription sales increased 2.4%.Average daily circulation was 4.443.836 daily copies in 2011，a historical record that confirms the upward trend of the past ten years as documented by the Instituto de Verificação de Circulação（Sales Monitoring Institute，IVC^[7]），according to table below that include estimative from Associação Nacional de Jornais（the National Association of Newspa