International Situation and Trend of Its Evolution That China Faces in Africa，as the first paper of a series of research reports entitled China’s International Strategy for China-Africa Relations，aims to analyze the evolution trend of the international situation that China faces since entering the 21st century in Africa. This research has laid emphasis on placing the objects of studies under the macro-background of globalization and multi-polarization which represent the development trend of world economy and international politics. It has taken the “international factors” in China-Africa relations and the “Chinese factors” in big powers’ relations in Africa as the starting point，with the research angle focusing on the interactions among several relations such as those between big powers and Africa，relations among big powers in Africa，strategic relations among the big powers，as well as China’s rise and changes of the international system. The interest relations and the power structures of the big powers in Africa reflect basically the historical origins of the big powers in Africa，their current relations with Africa and their demands for interest in Africa，which also，to a certain extent，reflect the conductive effects of the relations between big powers in Africa arising from the changes of the strategic interactions between them. After the “game” and changes of the relations between China and the Western powers in Africa in the first decade of the 21st century，the two sides have been in transition from inadaptation to adaptation to each other. Therefore，among the multiple factors which may affect big powers’ relations in Africa and，especially，the evolutionary trend of the international situation that China faces in Africa，comparing with the big power-Africa relations，dynamic changes of the undulating comprehensive national power of the big powers and strategic relations in realignment and regrouping between the big powers will play more important roles. Based on the existing power structures and the actual “offensive and defensive” posture between big powers，as well as the predictable “certain factors” in Africa，relations between the big powers in Africa and the international condition that China faces in Africa will present generally an “inherited but changeable” posture within the remaining seven years of the second decade of the 21st century.