The population problem is the key factor to the development of society and economy. Fertility psychology plays a very important role in the reproductive activities. We first take the Fertility Psychology represented by the urban women in Hangzhou City when they face the selective two-child policy as the research object，and take 5 communities’ women as the samples to do the empirical analysis on their birth concept，the relationship between the fertility desire and behavior. At the same time，we carry on the research by different levels according to their education background，occupation，income and other social and economic factors. On the basis of these factors，we treat the female fertility psychology in age，gender，marriage type，level of education，occupation，registered residence，income and other demographic variables on the performance and features as the keys. Third，we analyze from the perspective of the social，personal and family three directions，analyze the influence of Hangzhou women’s reproductive psychological factors，and forecast the fertility behavior. Finally，we discuss the internal relationship between the mentality and the development trend of female fertility policy，provide the basis for the formulation of government policy. According to the survey，nowadays the characteristics of reproductive psychological of the urban women in Hangzhou City perform as：（1）The overall fertility intention level is below the moderate level，Fertility Psychology tend to be more social significance.（2）The younger women bear the stronger willing to have a child，and if women delay to have the first baby，it is not good to have the second one.（3）Gender preference was not obvious.（4）Most women in Hangzhou welcome the selective two-child policy，blue collar worker has stronger willing than white-collar female in fertility intention.（5）The higher the level of education，the lower the fertility intention will be.（6）There exists difference between urban and rural women in fertility desire，but there are no significant differences between married and unmarried women.（7）The purposes of fertility are diversified，the influence of the traditional fertility conception is reducing，the concept of fertility is modernizing，most of the parents decide whether to choose a second child together.8，Culture concept，policy，personal marriage and birth conception，endowment view，parents healthy state of the family and child rearing costs become the key factors which affect fertility psychology. In a second child issues，personal concept of fertility and family economic factors have influence on women’s fertility desire. To this end，the Hangzhou municipal government should do a good job in the public policy support of fertility psychology by vigorously carrying out healthy birth culture propaganda，promoting and advancing the construction of “new family planning”，improving the birthing insurance system，reasonably rationing public medical resources，providing guaranteed educational resources，improving the social pension system，completing the policy cohesion and transformating of the family planning work.