The basic work on a country’s eco-safety and climate adaption strategy is based on the establishment and maintenance of national conservation zone system. Examples are not rare in recent years of natural reserves making way for development projects and forced to adjust their borders and functions. However，this is already the second alarm for the distinctive and rare fish species living on the upper reach of Yangtze River，the alarm for the national protection area set up to protect them. The fight between the Chongqing-based Xiaonanhai Hydropower Station and the national conservation zone is yet to end，but it is worth summarizing and recording the concerns from non-governmental organizations and the public on adjusting the borders and functions of the reserve，as well as the discussions on the power station. It is also worth tracking and learning from the case of this national natural reserve in terms of bio-diversity protection，the health of the mother river，trans-regional and cross-sectoral interest adjusting mechanism，procedures of public participation，and the essence of information disclosure.