Legitimate rights and interests safeguarding of peasant worker is essential for their survival and development. It is also the important content of peasant worker urbanization, urban and rural development and social stability. First, the process, main measures and achievements of peasant worker' legitimate rights and interests protection in China are summarized. Then, the related status is presented from the respects of the residence, employment, health care, wages, housing, children education. Furthermore, the primary existing problems and causes of peasant worker's legal right safeguarding are discussed. Finally, some concrete threads and suggestions are puts forward in the view of path selection, adaptive mechanism construction, and system innovation to enforce peasant worker's legal right protection, to improve urban livelihood, and to support harmonious society construction. <<