In the 2008 Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Meeting，CPC Guangzhou committee and Guangzhou government states the objective of building Guangzhou as the South China Science and Technology Center. Then how to build Guangzhou as the South China Science and Technology Center? With the respect of this issue，this paper takes a overall study and explores the basic condition，advantages，weaknesses，path，objectives，function and operation mechanism in building Guangzhou as the South China Science and Technology Center. In the end，this paper also proposes suggestions as followings：improving and upgrading existing science and technology innovation policies，key industries that science and technology innovation relying on and improving the operation mechanism of enterprises’ leading role in innovation.