Over the recent years，low birth rates and an aging society have become two major population issues in the RK. The policy of checking population growth had been implemented since the 1960s when economy was vigorously promoted，and hence，to some extent，the current population issues began to emerge. Faced with these，the government managed to realize a shift in policies as it implemented a series of measures such as encouraging birth-giving，fostering population growth，promoting social welfare and security for senior citizens. The government had also formulated medium and long-term plans to handle the problems. Due to various reasons，however，some policies had not been evidently effective，hence leaving low birth rate and an aging society still the country’s urgent population issues.