The last 10 years，prices keep going up，which sets up a chain reaction in residents’ income and expense，also causes a revolution in way of saving and consumption decisions，it’s clear that the effect of prices fluctuation on residents’ lives has been appearing gradually. Through analyzing the fluctuation of the consumption price index （CPI as follows） in a decade which closely related with residents’ lives，and the influence research of which on the lives of different population groups，especially on the low-income population group，this paper finds out the reasons that prices fluctuation affected on residents’ lives，also put forward some corresponding policies which in order to stabilize prices，prevent prices from over quick ascension，improve the quality of residents’ lives，and guarantee the basic living allowances for the low-income population group.