By 2013, China's new healthcare reforms have been launched for five Years. From statistics, the input and spending on the area of medical and healthcare keeps increasing; and all levels of medical institutions and services have been improved greatly. However, the rising trend of medical expense is still significant, which poses substantial burden to average patients. From the perspective of current healthcare reform, private capital has been supported by various policies, and the scale of private hospitals expands beyond expectation. However, we have to admit that it is far from satisfactory for the reforms at primary-level medical and healthcare institutions, and the mode of "first doctor visit at primary-level medical institutions" is not compatible with the contemporary reform direction. The public hospitals reform is also at the preliminary stage where many uncertainties and challenges are ahead of the reform agenda. The healthcare security system is improved greatly in terms of its coverage and magnitude, where there is still uncertainty from the perspective of its sustainability. In the future, it is urgent to integrate the government-oriented mechanism and the utility of market, and improve "comprehensive doctor system". At the same time, it is important to transform the mode of primary medical and healthcare institutions. <<