Public health concerns the core interest of every citizen and the degree of the rule of law means whether or not public health is effectively protected. In 2013，public health management mechanism in China underwent significant reforms，the law and regulation for the prevention of infectious diseases and occupational diseases had relatively significant developments，food safety law and regulation made progress under the harsh situation，and the disclosure of public health information also progressed steadily. In order to effectively advance public health work，promoting the rule of law must be carried out through multiple perspectives，including legislation and enforcement，etc.