In 2009，disputes over sovereignty on the South China Sea undergone new trends. Vietnam，Malaysia and Philippine declared their legal possession over the South Sea by more legislation，strengthening administration and expansion of armaments，which greatly challenged China’s national interest. China possesses multi-leveled national interests in the South China Sea，thus it’s very important to rank them in order to target appropriately. Currently，Chinese navy is facing a significant transformation towards higher capability，which in the short-term might intensify the disputes over the South China Sea，but in the long-run is helpful not only for China’s integrity and sovereignty but also for regional peace and security.