Nowadays，the country’s main aging problems show in three aspects：agricultural population in large proportion，aging development in faster speed than before，and the low level of social security. And there are several reasons which are the rapid advance of urbanization，the population flow and migration，the another new round countryside construction and so on caused that the rural elderly population proportion is higher than urban，rural endowment pressure is higher than urban.

The prediction based on 12 countries research of Anhui Province’s population urbanization development and population aging’ development trend. The research showed that，if we want to solve the rural aging population and pension problem under the current background of social urbanization process，we must be clear on the future rural aging population development trend：The first development trend is that urbanization development in a relatively high speed，but the situation of rural development will be still inadequacy in the future，and the burden of rural security problems，including aging security，is still tremendous；The second development trend is that villages are still the main space of farmers，especially the space of rural aging population production，life and entertainment，so the system design of rural pension system must be still based on the village；The third development trend is that in the next five to ten years，the main contradiction of rural aging problem is still the social security system of “expansion”problem in most parts of the country，and the design system of “raising the standard” can be implemented in some developed regions of China.