In this essay，based on survey data from the sixth china population census and the questionnaire survey data of elderly women support in Anhui Province，and aim to analyze the scale，structure and distribution of Anhui elder women. Discussing the support security and social support needs of the elderly women in Anhui Province，and the relationship between social support and life satisfaction of elderly women. Besides，to bring forward an opinion of constructing a better elderly women social support system，and providing reference for government to constitute a targeted aging policy. It is an important meaning to improve the living condition and quality for Anhui elderly women，and make the society to have smooth transition about population aging crisis.