With the development of Chinese museums and the reform of school education，cooperation between museums and schools has captured greater attention.Through institutional analysis，this paper makes a comprehensive analysis on the background of Chinese museums and schools，the evolution path，the complexity and challenges.This paper reviews the evolution path of cooperation between museums and schools，and their reforms since Reform and Opening-up，which is believed to have expanded the cooperation space between them.Finally，this paper identified the challenges from the perspective of motivation and institution，and puts forward policy suggestions.