During the process of the reconstruction of the relationship between the government and schools，locals explore some effective practices，such as government decentralization，significant reduction in unnecessary tests and evaluations of schools，promoting separation of management，implementation and evaluation，establishing management system and modern school system with specific accountabilities，transferring administrative functions of governments on education，and changing unlimited government into limited government in management and service styles. It is put forward that in the reconstruction of the relationship between the government and schools，we should focus on the purposes of the reform and problems like how to tighten the“hands”of the government，and how to monitor the autonomy in running schools. It is recommended to draft the“Act of School”to clarify the boundary of political powers and school powers. We could construct a new type of government-school relations helping to guarantee social justice and equality and students’ better development，with application of education administrative system，education investment system and accountability system，etc. to strengthen the achievements.