This article reviews the mechanism building of US-EU and China-EU bilateral sector cooperation after the Cold War，and makes a comparison between the US-EU and China-EU relations regarding the achievements of their sector cooperation in recent years.It concludes that the US-EU bilateral sector cooperation lays more emphasis on the formation of international market regulations and technical standards，research and innovation cooperation in new emerging high technological industries and harmonization in trade and raw material supply against the third country，while the emphasis of China-EU bilateral sector cooperation have been on the settlement of disputes in the economic and trade sector as well as the governance cooperation in traditional domains such as agriculture，environment and energy. Comparing with the China-EU cooperation，the US-EU bilateral sector cooperation is closer，more institutionalized and more diversified in the case of social participation.