The structural shifts of power in international politics from the Western countries to the emerging countries are still subject to global changes. Despite the relative decline in its leading role in international affairs due to the rising power of the emerging powers in the governance of major global issues, the United States still enjoys an absolute advantage in world affairs and the pattern of cooperation and collaboration among the big powers still remains the mainstream in global governance. In the field of traditional security, the unrest in the Middle East and North Africa has led to armed conflicts and to civil war and international intervention in Libya. In Afghanistan, the United States finally is beginning to withdraw its combat troops from Afghanistan, moving and adjusting its global strategy by shifting its military focus eastward to the Asia Pacific. In terms of the non-traditional security fields, the threat of terrorism in South Asia and the Middle East and the deepening debt crisis in Europe remain serious. Furthermore, the 2010 climate-change negotiations in Cancun failed to resolve the fundamental differences among the member states. Finally, Chinese territorial disputes over the South China Sea have aroused increasing tensions and military interactions with neighboring countries. As a result, both the opportunities and challenges to Chinese diplomacy have been strengthened. <<