Beginning in December 2010, protests and uprisings spread across North Africa and the Middle East, from Tunisia, Egypt, Bahrain, and Syria to Yemen and Libya. The protests in Libya and Syria evolved into civil wars. UN organs have taken various measures to deal with the situation, including diplomatic efforts, human rights investigations, humanitarian assistance, and its first mandate under the concept of the Responsibility to Protect in Resolution 1973. The international community holds varying positions on UN intervention in Libya, thus raising a new round of debates on the topic of international intervention. It is necessary that the UN stop mass violations of human rights, but humanitarian interventions present may uncertainties and dangers to state sovereignty.
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