South Sudan's referendum and independence, with an epoch-making significance not only for Sudan and South Sudan but for the whole African continent, have drawn full attention of the world. Since its independence, South Sudan, as a new country, has been facing a number of challenges in its nation building and development. It is their common task for the South Sudanese people to build their motherland. Abye, on the border of Sudan and South Sudan, is still in dispute whether belonging to the North or South. The complication and sensitivity of this district have much to do with the history and realistic interests of both sides, and will impact the future development of the relationship between Sudan and South Sudan. In the long run, peace and development will be the major trend of situation in South Sudan. <<