In this chapter，the author firstly defines the notions of industrialization，the road of industrialization and the road of industrialization in China. And then，the author expounds how the traditional industrialization of China is proposed and carried out. Its objective practicality，the great achievement and the serious consequences are also dealt with. Lastly，the author analyses the forming process and the main content of the new road of industrialization in China. This chapter also analyses the objective evidence，the progress，the practicality，the difficulty and the strategy of the road of industrialization in China.