Frist，the report made the statistics on the all of the winners of Nobel Prize in Physics，Chemistry，Physiology or Medicine，Literature，Peace and Economics since 1901. Also，the report made the horizontal analysises by winners’ country，age，gender and education backgroud etc. Then the report made the comprehensive analysis on the award-winning reasons of the Japanese scientists through the factors such as research spirit，research environment and enlightenment education. As the conclusion of the research，the reason why Japanese scientists won the Nobel Prize repeatedly because of the factors such as their spirit to respect the knowledge transmission and succession，devoting themselves to their research，the open，free and equal research environment，the enlightenment education which focus on the personality development and the evaluation mechanism which can contain the research work. The unique point of view drew from the comparison analysis between the neighboring countries will provide the beneficial guidance and reference to our country which seems to respect the scientific research and technology as the key competitive capacity.