Protection Protocol is an innovative mechanism and policy tool to protect public property with public participation. Based on the agreement between relevant administrative agency and the protector on obligations，rights and assessment methods，the protector receives corresponding compensation or development opportunities upon his fulfilling of protection duties. This model，practiced in western China （Qinghai，Sichuan etc.） with its effectiveness demonstrated in promoting community participation and ecological protection，is an exploratory approach to the compensation solution of the Payment for Ecological Services （PES） mechanism.