新型农村社会养老保险是继取消农业税、农业直补、新农村合作医疗等政策之后的又一项重大惠农政策。其基本原则是保基本、广覆盖、有弹性、可持续,主要实施方式是个人缴费、集体补助、政府补贴相结合,农民的养老金包括个人账户的积累和各级政府的财政补贴。由于尚处于试点阶段,该制度还存在一些问题,如制度不统一、覆盖面小、保障水平低、缺乏互济性和公平性、管理混乱等。因此,应加强新农保立法,加大财政投入,使农民养老逐渐与家庭养老和土地脱离,最终形成城乡一体化的社会养老保险体制。
<<关键词: | 改革立法新型农村社会养老保险 |
“New rural old-age insurance” is another major preferential agriculture policy adopted by Chinese government after the abolition of agricultural tax,introduction of direct agricultural subsidy,and establishment of new rural cooperative medical service system. The basic principles of this policy include guaranteeing the basic living standard,ensuring broad coverage,and being flexible and sustainable. The main method of implementation is the combination of contribution by the individuals,allowance from the collective and subsidies by the state. The old-age pension of farmers includes accumulation in the individual account and the financial subsidies from governments at various levels. Since this policy is still at the trial stage,many problems remain to be solved,such as lack of a unified system,low coverage,low level of insurance,lack of reciprocity and fairness,and mismanagement. Therefore,the government should strengthen the relevant legislation,increase financial input so as to gradually separate the old-age care in rural areas from the family and the land,and ultimately establish a unified old-age insurance system in the country.
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