In recent years，rights and interests protection of the criminal victims community has attracted attentions of all circles in the society，including party and government organizations and judicial organizations.To establish the state compensation system for the criminal victims is urgently required to improve the state relief system and to realize the guarantee of human rights equally and universally.The state compensation system is of vital significance to the harmonious society’s construction.Based on thorough analysis of the current situation of the protection of criminal victims，by utilizing methods of synthesis，comparison and positivism，this paper has not only proven the necessity and feasibility of the establishment of the state compensation system in China，but also brought forward concrete proposals for establishing state compensation for criminal victims with Chinese characteristic.