The development of China’s agriculture has direct influence on economic development of national economy. The stability of rural areas has close relation with the stability of whole China. The assurance of Chinese peasants’ rights is the reflection of every Chinese people’s dignity and status in the world of nations. Ever since the beginning of rural reform up till around 2003，the main feature of rural reform was “lessening control”；after 2004，the main feature shifted to readjusting national income distribution structure and expanding supply of public goods for rural areas. After the 17th National Congress of CPC，reform in rural areas will enter into a new stage of balancing urban and rural development and deepening comprehensive reform in rural areas. With the progress of reform in rural areas，the development mode of rural areas also underwent corresponding changes. In 1978-2003，economic development in rural areas played the role of providing resources for industrialization and urbanization of the country，especially capitals flowing from the rural areas into urban economic sectors through fiscal and financial channels. After 2004，with the guidance of the Scientific Outlook on Development，the new development mode of China has started to establish the new mode of balancing urban and rural development.