Since reform and opening-up，the industrial structure in China has undergone a series of significant changes. The trends in three industries are in accordance with the general law of the evolution of industrial structure，but industrial policy has played a limited role in this process. Currently，many problems still exist in China’s industrial structure，for example，the three industries and their internal structure are yet to be improved，the gap of labor productivity in them is still widening，and the energy efficiency of industrial structure is rather low，etc. China’s industrial structure is becoming more and more rational. The proportion of agriculture will keep decreasing while maintaining its fundamental position，industry will continue its expansion，and service will occupy a rising position in national economy. This chapter puts forward policy proposals to the existing problems in China’s industrial structure and the future trends.