The massive outflows of rural young labor greatly support the process of urbanization and industrialization in China,and contribute to the economical growth of rural areas,but it also bring many social problems to the countryside. The problem of left-behind children in rural areas is a serious one among these social problems. The cultural life and psychological health of the left-behind children in rural areas in Guizhou Province present the following characteristics: psychological health status and security situation are poor which are caused by their dysfunctional families; School is not the paradise for them to grow healthily because of lagging infrastructure construction and poor qualities of teachers; Spirit and culture desertification has appeared among them with the hollowing out of public culture in rural areas. To solve the problems about cultural life and psychological health of the left-behind children,it needs the system-optimizing to support parents to take children with them,creation of condition for parents to return home to company the children,and joint efforts made by school,parents and society to educate these children. <<