The European debt crisis makes it clear that with the deepening of the EU banking integration process，the decentralized banking supervision and regulation system has increasingly met challenges from the “Trilemma” that the stability of a highly integrated financial system cannot be guaranteed if the banking supervision authority is reserved in the hands of the member states. It therefore leads to the shift of the concept and mode of the EU banking supervision from the “home country control” principle to that of “prudential supervision”. The member states transferred the banking supervision authority to the European level and began to establish a banking union with a single supervisory mechanism，single resolution mechanism and single deposit insurance scheme.