国际社会与欧盟有关欧盟航空碳税的博弈已从2013年起进入新阶段。欧盟4月通过的航空碳税“停摆”决定,豁免了2012~2013年国际航班的所有排放。国际民航组织第38届成员国大会为全球航空减排第一次设计了“路线图”,欧盟表示欢迎。但欧盟委员会随后提出的修法议案改用“领空模式”,坚持将国际航班在欧盟领空内的排放纳入ETS,引起新的争议。无论欧盟如何修法,2013年的新动向表明欧盟航空碳税的未来走向已经明朗。在不愿意立即终止航空碳税的情况下,继续暂停执行相关规定直至全球方案实施或许是欧盟最现实的选择。
<<The conflicts between the EU and the rest of the world concerning the inclusion of international aviation in the emissions trading scheme (ETS) of the European Union (EU) have entered a new stage since 2013. The decision adopted by the EU in April 2013 provides that it will take no action against emissions from all flights arriving at and departing from EU aerodromes during 2012-2013. Historically,the first roadmap for developing a global market-based measure (MBM) for international aviation was drawn at the 38th Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organization,which was welcomed by the EU at that time. However,the following proposal of the European Commission triggered a new round of debates in this regard,since it insisted on introducing the “airspace model” to include the emissions from international aviation within the EU airspace in the EU-ETS. No matter what kind of amendments the EU will make in the future,its actions in 2013 show clearly the new trends of the EU-ETS on international aviation. Since it appears that the EU has no willingness to terminate its ETS on international aviation at this moment,maybe the most realistic option for the EU is to extend its policy of “stopping the clock” until a global MBM agreement is applied.
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