Papua New Guinea（PNG）is a resource-rich country with the largest land area and population in the South Pacific area. It has significant influences in South Pacific affairs. In recent years，PNG witnessed the rapid economic development，while its social development lagged behind. International development assistance is still one of the main funding resources for PNG economic and social development. This paper analyzes the mid-and long-term development plan of PNG and its needs for foreign assistance，and selects four major aid providers as Australia，Japan，China and Asian Development Bank to compare their assistance to PNG. The paper emphasizes that the government of PNG need to effectively coordinate and manage the assistance from different partners so as to make full use of assistance for its social and economic development purposes.