By the air transportation，aviation economy can lead the aviation oriented enterprise gather around the airport area，and produce agglomeration effect which is strengthened by itself. Along with this agglomeration effect，there are three kinds of effects：the inflow effect，the outflow effect and the multiplier effect. It is the role played by these three effects，which are the mechanism of aviation economy driving hinterland economy development. Furthermore，the article also analyse the development pathway of aviation economy driving hinterland economy. Based on the theory analysis，the paper also take Zhengzhou aviation economy comprehensive experimental area as an example，in order to find out the important points during the construction on how to foster the experimental are driving Henan economy development.