That supply of basic public service is only based on household population is the root cause of the shortage of basic public services in urban resources. Promoting the full coverage of urban basic public service of the resident population is reflected in the core of human nature of urbanization，and it is also the key step of household registration change and transfer of agricultural population urbanization. Therefore，only establishing system of taking the resident population as the object of urban basic public service can meet the practical needs of rural population under the background of new urbanization.