Japan is a pretty natural disaster place,such as earthquakes,typhoons and so on.How to prevent and reduce the social and economic hazards is an important research.The earthquake which happened in eastern Japan on March 11,2011,the tsunami and the explosion of First Nuclear Power Plant in Fukushima triggered by the earthquake have inflicted heavy losses on Japan economically and socially.The counter measures against natural calamities has brought great attention of scholars both at home and abroad.This paper introduces Japanese system of natural disaster prevention and reduction,analyzes hazards on Japan's social and economic development,and evaluates Japanese disaster-reduction counter measures,with a view to offer some thoughts and suggestions for Chinese government in natural disaster prevention and reduction. <<