Eco-civilization，as a new form of human civilization，marks a new beginning in the process of coping with the unsustainable modes of production and consumption of traditional industrial civilization and guiding the human society onto a road of development based on the harmonious relationship between men and the nature. The establishment of the goal of constructing eco-civilization as part of China’s national strategy will inevitably lead to the renewal of the values system and restructuring of institutional design of the current system of law in China. In constructing eco-civilization，China must face up to the numerous problems currently existing in the country，including traditional concepts and old habits，the backward idea of “giving priority to economic development”，the hollowness and dogmatism of the system of law，the insufficient investment in eco-education，and the absence of a eco-culture，and carry out “ecological reform” of the current system of law，so as make it the logical starting point of and the path to the top-level design and institutional guarantee of eco-civilization.