This paper expounds a series of changes since reform and opening. First of all，there are significant changes of inventory work in urban and rural area in China. Many new connotation were been brought in urban and rural planning. A welcome development has been gotten by the connotation attracting more attention in the social economy，the resources and environment，historical context，the construction of ecological civilization. In the second place，the paper analyze the problems about the urban and rural planning and construction and display the opportunities and challenges in current rapid urbanization of China. Thirdly，the paper pointed out that our country urban and rural planning need to adapt the trend of seven aspects，make urban and rural planning as a behavior of the government，as the important public policy in the development of social economy and play an increasingly key role in the new advance of urbanization of our country.