The State Council of The People’s Republic of China recently released “Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Examination and Enrollment System”. This policy and its piloting plans published by Shanghai City and Zhejiang Province outlined a blueprint of the new Chinese College Entrance Examination（known as Gaokao in Chinese）. Gaokao is a baton，and its reform influences the whole Chinese education. How will the new Gaokao guide the reforms of Chinese basic and higher education？What kind of opportunities and challenges will the new Gaokao bring to examinees，teachers，high schools and colleges？This paper will try to give a whole prospect of its influences.