As a big agricultural province and a province for population output，agricultural feminization trend in Anhui province is clear. Two structures in urban and rural areas of rural female non-agricultural transfer lag is the direct reason why the “feminization of agriculture”. Due to women’s natural physiological characteristics and traditional gender role orientation，rural women’s human capital stock is insufficient，and the rational choice of family development caused by gender differences in the non-agricultural migration of rural labor force. “Feminization of agriculture” trend both for rural women’s development，or to the agricultural production and agricultural modernization，present both the challenges and opportunities，and positive and negative effects. Anhui province “feminization of agriculture” trend in the short term is difficult to change，therefore，the government in the formulation of agricultural and rural development policies，we should integrate gender awareness into mainstream decision-making；improve the rural female human capital stock，give full play to the role of women in agricultural production；the development of rural public utilities，improve the rural women’s survival and development environment；at the same time，develop the third industry，accelerate the process of urbanization，promote rural women’s non-agricultural occupation transfer.