The only-child-died or disabled-family has these essential problems，the fragile ability of economic development，the challenge of psychological adaptability，the deficiency of life care，and the lack of effective organization，etc. In order to implement the party and country’s policy better，which is the care and support of only-child-died or disabled-family，understands the basic status and realistic demands of only-child-died or disabled-family accurately and provides the practical guidance of service and assistance explicitly，this report analyzed the baseline survey data，based on the 66 regions’ target families of Anhui Province，mastered the basic requirements and main characteristics of these special families，and proposed reasonable and effective suggestions.