East Japan earthquake，which erupted in 2011，not only completely destroyed Japan’s so-called “nuclear security myth”，but also dissolved the energy security system，and it was even difficult for Japan to fulfill international commitments made in “Kyoto Protocol”. After the earthquake，with the regime change and debate on nuclear power，government of Japan’s energy system rebuilding was shaken. At present，although the Abe cabinet proposed explicitly to resume its nuclear policy，Japan’s energy strategy transition is not finished yet. From the perspective of the “energy chain” system innovation，and four processes，named as energy procurement，production，distribution and consumption，this paper analyses Japan’s energy consumption structure and its supply system pattern and characteristics；furthermore，the background and development trend of energy transformation strategy are discussed.