Manufacturing is both the most energy efficiency and the most competitive industry in Japan，and it is characterized to adopt new technology easily to realize energy conservation and emissions reduction. Studying Japan’s energy efficiency in manufacturing，this paper first analyzes the effect and main driving force of improving energy efficiency of Japanese manufacturing since the oil crisis in 1973，and discusses the strategic measures of improving energy efficiency of manufacturing in current energy situations domestically and internationally. Finally，this paper concludes with four points for China’s reference.