This essay has reviewed the background and main measures of Scotland rural land reform started 1999.The reform gave much affection on the lower income people which are called “crofts”.The ideology of British，especially Scotland，had great influences on the reform process.This essay emphasize some points such as：1.the essence of public property is decided by the society structure.2.The effective institutions and good legal system is the necessary warrant for the reform.3.The public welfare maintenance can’t be the pretext to infringe upon private interest.