The Third Plenum of the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China determined the reform way of marketizing the rural land system.But the land element is different from ordinary commodities.Therefore，its transaction should be controlled more by the state and the scale，quantity，purpose and way of its transaction are strictly restricted by the state policy.For that reason，marketization of the rural land element is not full liberalization and this is also the important spirit of the “decision” made at this plenum.Before the “decision” of the Central Committee was published，the society had expected in-depth reform of the land system；after it was published，it seems the society has entirely different understanding of it.This article is about my understanding of the decision after study.