Optimizing the allocation of judicial authority is an basic ideas and important measure of judicial system reform since the 17th Party congress. Henan province focus on the construction of judicial power operation mechanism with responsibility division，mutual coordination and mutual restriction，carry out series reform practices such as the reform of governing the county directly by the province，the reform of case handling personnel responsibility system，and the reform of people juror and people supervisor system，all this has accumulated experiences for implementing the allocation of judicial authority in Henan. Aiming at the deep-rooted problems of the allocation of judicial authority，we should to grasp the key points and starting points of the allocation of judicial authority，emphasize on coordination in provincial level，making rules detailed，and attaching importance on actual effect，to build the provincial judicial human，financial and property management mechanism，the reasonable division and allocation mechanism of judicial authority，and the whole process control mechanism of judicial authority，which have to be consistent with the operation rules of judicial power.