本文对中国风电产业的发展历程进行了历史性的回顾,并对市场创设、技术形成与发展、发展中遇到的主要问题进行了分析与讨论。笔者认为,发展风电产业是实现能源清洁化和温室气体减排的重要举措,应该大力发展。但是,我国选择的发展大规模风电基地的技术经济路径,使得整个产业面临生产与消费之间在地理空间上的不平衡,加大了电网消纳风电的难度并提高了风电的综合成本。今后应该加强电力需求预测研究,拓展新的消纳模式,提高风电本地消纳比例。另外,还应通过发展智能电网和离网与分布式风电等措施,推动产业技术进步,促进风电产业的优化发展。
<<This chapter reviews the development of China’s wind power industry,the process of market creation,technology formation and innovation,as well as key issues during the development.The author believes that the development of wind power is an important strategy of cleaning of energy production and green house gas reduction,and should be encouraged.However,the technological routine to develop super wind power bases which China chose is not the best,as it causes the problem of vast cost of long distance transmission and the difficulty of treatment by grid.The industry should strengthen the studies on demand forecasting of electricity,and should expand the application modes to consume more wind power,especially to consume more wind power in the regions around the wind power bases.Other recommendation includes the development of smart grid,the encouragement of R&D,the separated application and dispersed electrical system which combined wind power and other energy including natural gas,pumped-storage hydro-plants and PVs.
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