This thesis is based on the study of several small practice architectural projects for aged in the historic preservation district in Beijing. Through in-depth case anatomy and comparative analysis，the author try to rethink about the current development situation of pension system，the management and service system and the architectural planning and design for aged in old districts in Chinese city. In order to improve the pension livable system in China，the author try to explore the development trend of the pension system，and to put forward a new construction concept according with the characteristics and real needs of old districts in city. <<