“One Belt and One Road” is a major strategic measure adopted by Chinese leaders to promote China’s opening and its campaigns for its harmonious regional development. Elaborating the idea and details of “One Belt and One Road” all the way from concept to practice，scholars did a lot of exploration and research. This paper aims at making a systematic summarization of the existing literature of this theme with a focus on three aspects：overall conditions and achievements of the researches on this theme，reviews on major opinions，and a prospect on the future trends. Specifically，the author argues that the future research should put an emphasis on the macroscopic perspective，the integrated approach，and the top-level design. The relevant researches in the humanities area shall be strengthened in future，and particularly，an importance shall be attached to the contents and phenomenon of contemporary cultural exchanges of humanities. Furthermore，the researches shall be reorganized and expanded to cover the issues concerning the impacts of “One Belt and One Road” on China’s relations with relevant countries.