After three decades of rapid growth，the Chinese economy is now shifting gear from the previous high speed to a medium-to-high speed growth，or to a “new normal” phase. What does it mean to Japan when China enters into a “new normal” stage？This paper intends to address this critical issue and we conclude that China’s new economic normality will bring both challenges and opportunities on Japan’s economy. In the short term，with capital investment in manufacturing slowing，the Japanese export to China may slid down to some extent and the business performance of several Japanese manufacturing enterprises may be affected；with China’s investment structure constantly adjusting，the Japanese FDI in China should make necessary adjustments and the competition for FDI between the two countries in other districts may increase；besides，the economic ripple effect of Japan’s tourism industry would be weakened if there were a slowdown in the consumption of Chinese visitors to Japan. In the long run，however，the Japanese companies and its economy will benefit from China’s continuous expansion of domestic consumption market，transformation and upgrading of industrial structure and further investment in the field of energy-saving and environmental protection. The two sides should make adaptive adjustments under the circumstances in order to achieve a win-win situation.