The sharp fall of international oil prices and Russian economic recession has made impact on the economic development in the region of Central Asia. The region’s major oil and gas producing countries began to make some adjustment on the country’s energy policy，such as lowering oil export duties，to speed up implementation of diversified strategy in oil and gas export and let the negative effect reduce to the minimum. At the same time，China’s economic development comes into the “new normalization”，the energy cooperation between China and Central Asia appears new characteristics and new trends，the subject of oil and gas cooperation is more diverse，the cooperation continues to expand，cooperation of production capacity in the energy field has made a breakthrough. There is a possibility of docking in the energy industry for Silk Road Economic Belt and the Eurasian Economic Union，but there need to seek an entry point. In the background of economic risk rising in Central Asian countries，at the time when China and the Central Asian countries that face new development opportunities in the energy cooperation also face many challenges. The competition from the U.S.，Japan，India and other countries is strengthened. Energy cooperation between China and Central Asia needs to establish a multilateral coordination mechanism.