The Silk Road was a trade route，and even more a cultural exchange route. “The Belt and Road” strategy，proposed by China after its reform and opening up has embarked on a new historical stage，is a new model for inter-regional cooperation to boost the deeper development of economic globalization. “The Belt and Road” strategy is a conception based on equal and inclusive identity of different cultures，while the “inclusive culture” and the “common human mind” embody the cultural connotations of the “Silk Road”. That “the Belt and Road” strategy covers an area where cultural exchange between China and the outside world is relatively rare，but it is also an area where many of the countries，similar to China，are less developed. This paper analyzes the relations between “the Belt and Road” strategy and the cultural exchange，examines the current situation of cultural exchange between China and foreign countries，and puts forward a few important topics on boosting cultural exchange alongside “the Belt and Road”，including actively advocating the “Silk Road” spirits and values，consolidating the construction of cultural institutions，putting to positive play the advantages of the cultural exchange system with Chinese characteristics，and promoting the construction of the “Silk Road” cultural integration system. Finally，the author gives a bit of personal outlook at the cultural exchange under “the Belt and Road”.