The right to old-age social assistance，as one of the rights to social security，is not only a fundamental human right but also enshrined in our Constitutional Law. In particular，2014 Interim Measures for Social Assistance provides specific provisions to old-age assistance. In 2015，many legal instruments have been carried out by Ministry of Civil Affairs and other supporting institutions to improve old-age assistance. As a result，in 2015，great progress had been made in this realm，including the continuous improvement of the relief standard and the construction of the mechanism for encouraging social participation. As the constantly development of old-age assistance，the number of the aged poor population kept decreasing，and the aged care service was promoted at the mean time. However，there is still room to improve in many aspects of the realm，such as the relief standard，social work，individualized care and the consciousness of the right to old-age assistance. Consequently，we should figure out and resolve the existing issues in question and raise the relief standard，in particular，that in rural China. Special attention should be paid to the individualized needs and the psychological care. In addition，it is also of significant importance to strengthen publicity and education in order to raise the awareness of the right to old-age assistance and contribute to a cause that is supported by the whole society.